We describe a method for quantum information processing and quantum simulation with alkaline-earth atoms in optical lattices. First, we propose and analyze [1] a novel approach to quantum information processing, in which multiple qubits can be encoded and manipulated using electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom associated with individual alkaline-earth atoms trapped in an optical lattice. We discuss potential applications of this approach to fault-tolerant quantum computation and precision measurements. In addition, we propose [2] to use alkaline-earth atoms in optical lattices for quantum simulation of Hubbard models exhibiting very high symmetry [SU(N) group with N as large as 10] and featuring the interplay between spin and orbital degrees of freedom. In addition to being interesting and rich in their own right, such models may provide valuable insights into strongly correlated physics of transition metal oxides, heavy fermion materials, and spin liquid phases.

1. AVG et al., PRL. 102, 110503 (2009).
2. AVG et al., arXiv:0905.2610. Nature Physics (in press).